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定时备份docker内的mysql数据库并传到远程ftp服务器附脚本

2019年7月2日 vps12.com 没有评论

自从有了docker，也可以在此容器中使用mysql也很方便。不过备份数据库也是个麻烦事。不像原来那样备份。
以下的脚本功能是自动备份并传到远程ftp服务器，保留7天时间的文件。

#!/bin/bash
data_dir="/root/dbbackup"
cd /root/dbbackup/
#localhost_mysql_1为docker所在的容器名，可以自行用docker ps进行查看自己mysql所在容器名
docker exec localhost_mysql_1 mysqldump -uroot -ppassword dbname > "$data_dir/dbname_`date +%Y%m%d`.sql"
tar zcvf $data_dir/dbname_`date +%Y%m%d`.tar.gz $data_dir/dbname_`date +%Y%m%d`.sql
#删除超过七天的备份文件
find $data_dir -mtime +7 -name 'dbname_[1-9].sql' -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $data_dir -mtime +7 -name 'dbname_[1-9].tar.gz' -exec rm -rf {} \;
#以下为自动登陆ftp并传文件
ftp -n -i 123.123.123.123 <<EOF
user ftpname ftppassword
binary
lcd /www/wwwroot/ftp
prompt
mput dbname_`date +%Y%m%d`.tar.gz
close
bye !
EOF

分类: 网络产品, 解决方案标签: docker, Linux, vps12.com

ubuntu /boot 满的解决方法

2019年6月22日 vps12.com 没有评论

运行一段时间后我们经常会发现提示/boot满或是快满的问题，查了一下网上是提示这样清文件。希望对大家有一定帮助。
造成这一问题的主要原因是因为系统升级的时候会安装不同版本的 kernel，但是实际上使用的往往只有一个。因此，我们只需要把没有使用的 kernel 删除，就可以解决 /boot 空间占满的问题。

sudo apt autoremove –purge

具体操作

查看当前使用的 kernel

uname -r
>> Linux 4.10.0-42-generic
查看当前系统已经安装的 kernels

dpkg –list ‘linux-image*’ | grep ^ii
删除不需要的 kernel

# 需要删除的 kernel 版本号
sudo apt remove linux-image-
删除相关的包

sudo apt autoremove

最后更新以下 kernel 列表

sudo update-grup
接下来，我们在查看以下 /boot 的剩余容量

df -l
>>
文件系统 1K-块已用可用已用% 挂载点
udev 3993976 0 3993976 0% /dev
tmpfs 803244 9748 793496 2% /run
/dev/sdc1 19553560 6811684 11725556 37% /
tmpfs 4016216 21364 3994852 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5120 4 5116 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 4016216 0 4016216 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdc6 182331 71528 97328 43% /boot
/dev/sdc7 87495992 10061048 72967284 13% /home
tmpfs 803244 80 803164 1% /run/user/1000

我们可以看到，我们的 /boot 的使用空间已经恢复正常，接下来我们可以正常使用 apt update 以及 apt upgrade 来升级我们的系统及软件了。

分类: 编程实践标签: Linux, vps12.com

VPS性能一键测试脚本

2019年6月10日 vps12.com 没有评论

服务器性能测试

命令如下：
中文版：

^?View Code BASH

1	wget -N --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FunctionClub/ZBench/master/ZBench-CN.sh && bash ZBench-CN.sh

英文版：

^?View Code BASH

1	wget -N --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FunctionClub/ZBench/master/ZBench.sh && bash ZBench.sh

效果如下图所示：

分类: Linux 标签: Linux, vps12.com

docker的简单状态监控

2019年6月8日 vps12.com 没有评论

^?View Code BASH

 
docker stats
 
//可以使用占位符，显示想要看的信息：
 
docker stats --format "table {{.Container}}\t{{.CPUPerc}}\t{{.MemUsage}}\t{{.NetIO}}\t{{.Name}}"
 
CONTAINER           CPU %               MEM USAGE / LIMIT     NET I/O             NAME
62be266217e3        0.00%               1.793MiB / 15.39GiB   2.34GB / 1.95GB     vps12.com_nginx_1
21f986581173        0.00%               5.543MiB / 15.39GiB   16.9kB / 0B         vps12.com_php54_1
f4a2f0111178        0.00%               6.48MiB / 15.39GiB    16.9kB / 0B         vps12.com_php56_1
d984db8a9615        0.00%               19.55MiB / 15.39GiB   2.31GB / 2.66GB     vps12.com_php72_1
dcd9e311a1f0        0.20%               443.4MiB / 15.39GiB   1.77GB / 2.68GB     vps12.com_mysql_1
21c1f6fccf9c        0.15%               34.99MiB / 15.39GiB   7.49GB / 11.9GB     vps12.com_redis_1

各个占位符的含义：
.Container – 显示容器ID；
.Name – 显示容器名称；
.ID – 显示容器ID；
.CPUPerc – 显示CPU百分比；
.MemUsage – 显示内存使用情况；
.NetIO – 显示网络I / O；
.BlockIO – 显示块I / O；
.MemPerc – 显示内存百分比；
.PID – 显示进程ID的数量；

分类: Linux, 软件使用标签: docker, vps12.com

CentOS 一键安装Cacti 1.2.3脚本

2019年5月19日 vps12.com 没有评论

^?View Code BASH

#!/bin/bash
 
echo "this script requires git"
yum install -y git 
 
echo "This script will download all Cacti dependecies and download the chosen cacti version from the cacti github"
echo "Dont forget to support cacti @ cacti.net!"
 
echo "set selinux to disabled"
setenforce 0 
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config
 
#Download chosen release
echo "here are some of the current cacti release versions \n
release/1.2.3
release/1.2.2
release/1.2.1
release/1.2.0
"
 
echo  "which release would you like to download ? Hit enter for latest"
read version
 
if  [ "$version" == "" ]
then
git clone https://github.com/Cacti/cacti.git
 
else 
yum install -y wget unzip
wget https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/archive/release/$version.zip
unzip $version 
mv cacti-release-$version cacti
fi
 
echo "will you be using the spine poller enter 1 for yes 2 for no"
read answer
if [ $answer == "1" ]
then
##Download packages needed for spine
yum install -y gcc mysql-devel net-snmp-devel autoconf automake libtool dos2unix help2man
echo "downloading and compling spine"
git clone https://github.com/Cacti/spine.git
cd spine
./bootstrap
./configure
make
make install
chown root:root /usr/local/spine/bin/spine
chmod u+s /usr/local/spine/bin/spine
cd ..
 
else
echo "spine dependecies  will not be installed"
fi
 
echo "On Centos systems we need to enable EPEL repos"
yum install http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm -y
yum install yum-utils -y
yum-config-manager --enable remi-php72
 
echo "Downloading PHP modules needed for Cacti install"
 
yum install  -y rrdtool mariadb-server net-snmp-utils net-snmp  snmpd php php-mysql  php-snmp php-xml php-mbstring php-json php-gd php-gmp php-zip php-ldap php-mc php-posix 
 
###Start services 
 
systemctl enable httpd
systemctl enable mariadb
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl start httpd
 
####Open Port 80 and 443 on firewalld
 
echo "Open http and https ports on firewalld"
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=443/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
 
##Timezone settings needed for cacti
echo "Enter your PHP time zone i.e America/Toronto  Default is US/Central "
read timezone
if [ $timezone == "" ] 
then
 
echo "date.timezone =" US/Central >> /etc/php.ini
else
 
echo "date.timezone =" $timezone >> /etc/php.ini
 
fi  
 
echo "Where would you like to install cacti default location is /var/www/html hit enter for default location"
read location
if [$location = ""]
then
 
location="/var/www/html"
 
mv cacti /var/www/html
else
mv cacti $location
fi
 
#Create cacti user and change permission of directory
echo "Which user would you like to run Cacti under (Default is www-data) hit enter for default"
read user
if [$user = ""]
then 
user="apache"
echo  "cacti will be run under apache"
chown -R  apache:apache $location/cacti
else 
useradd $user
chown -R $user:$user $location/cacti
fi
 
#assign permissions for cacti installation
 
chown -R apache:apache $location/cacti/resource/snmp_queries/          
chown -R apache:apache $location/cacti/resource/script_server/
chown -R apache:apache $location/cacti/resource/script_queries/
chown -R apache:apache $location/cacti/scripts/
chown -R apache:apache $location/cacti/cache/boost/
chown -R apache:apache $location/cacti/cache/mibcache/
chown -R apache:apache $location/cacti/cache/realtime/
chown -R apache:apache $location/cacti/cache/spikekill/
touch $location/cacti/log/cacti.log
chmod 777 $location/cacti/log/cacti.log
chown -R apache:apache   $location/cacti/log/
cp $location/cacti/include/config.php.dist $location/cacti/include/config.php
 
##Create database 
echo "would you like to customize the database name and user ? hit enter for defaults"
read customize
 
if [[ $customize = "" ]] 
then
 
mysql -uroot <<MYSQL_SCRIPT
CREATE DATABASE cacti DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cacti.* TO 'cacti'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'cacti'; ;
GRANT SELECT ON mysql.time_zone_name TO cacti@localhost;
USE mysql;
ALTER DATABASE cacti CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MYSQL_SCRIPT
 
#pre populate cacti db
mysql -u root  cacti < $location/cacti/cacti.sql
mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -u root  mysql
 
sed -i -e 's@^$database_type.*@$database_type = "mysql";@g' /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_default.*@$database_default = "cacti";@g' /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_hostname.*@$database_hostname = "127.0.0.1";@g' /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_username.*@$database_username = "cacti";@g' /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_password.*@$database_password = "cacti";@g' /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_port.*@$database_port = "3306";@g' /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_ssl.*@$database_ssl = "false";@g' /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^//$url_path@$url_path@g' /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
 
echo "default database setup with following details"
echo "database name cacti\n
database username cacti\n
database password cacti"
 
else
 
echo "enter db name"
read customdbname
echo "enter db user"
read customdbuser
echo "enter db password"
read customdbpassword
 
mysql -u root <<MYSQL_SCRIPT
CREATE DATABASE $customdbname;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON $customdbname.* TO '$customdbuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$customdbpassword';
GRANT SELECT ON mysql.time_zone_name TO $customdbuser@localhost;
ALTER DATABASE $customdbname CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MYSQL_SCRIPT
 
echo "Pre-populating cacti DB"
mysql -u root  $customdbname < $location/cacti/cacti.sql
mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -u root  mysql
 
sed -i -e 's@^$database_type.*@$database_type = "mysql";@g' $location/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_default.*@$database_default = '$customdbname'\;@g' $location/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_hostname.*@$database_hostname = "127.0.0.1";@g' $location/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_username.*@$database_username = '$customdbuser';@g' $location/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_password.*@$database_password = '$customdbpassword';@g' $location/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_port.*@$database_port = "3306";@g' "$location"/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^$database_ssl.*@$database_ssl = "false";@g' "$location"/cacti/include/config.php
sed -i -e 's@^//$url_path@$url_path@g' $location/cacti/include/config.php
 
fi
 
###Adding recomended PHP settings 
sed -e 's/max_execution_time = 30/max_execution_time = 60/' -i /etc/php.ini
sed -e 's/memory_limit = 128M/memory_limit = 400M/' -i /etc/php.ini
 
echo "Applying recommended DB settings"
echo "
innodb_file_format = Barracuda
character_set_client = utf8mb4
max_allowed_packet = 16777777
join_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_file_per_table = ON
innodb_large_prefix = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 250M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 90M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
" >> /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
 
echo "this script can download the following plugins monitor,thold would you like to install them  ?
type yes to download hit enter to skip"
read plugins
 if [ $plugins == "yes" ]
  then
   git clone https://github.com/Cacti/plugin_thold.git
    git clone https://github.com/Cacti/plugin_monitor.git
mv plugin_thold thold
  mv plugin_monitor monitor
   chown -R $user:$user thold
    chown -R $user:$user monitor
     mv thold $location/cacti/plugins
      mv monitor $location/cacti/plugins
else
 echo "plugins will not be installed"
fi
 
touch /etc/cron.d/$user
echo "*/5 * * * * $user php $location/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1" > /etc/cron.d/$user 
 
echo "refreshing services"
systemctl restart httpd
systemctl restart mariadb
 
echo "Installation completed !"

分类: Linux, 编程实践标签: cacti, Linux, vps12.com

centos7 firewall-cmd

2019年4月4日 vps12.com 没有评论

^?View Code BASH

#删除端口规则
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=22/tcp --permanent
 
#查看列表规则
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
 
#开设端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=22/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=443/tcp --permanent
 
firewall-cmd --reload
systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl restart firewalld
 
#限制指定ip地址访问端口，例如ssh端口22
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.11.11" port protocol="tcp" port="22" accept"
 
#删除限制规则
firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.11.11" port protocol="tcp" port="11300" accept"
 
#开通端口范围规则
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=1000-2000/tcp
 
#添加指定网段对ssh所用的端口访问权限
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule="rule family="ipv4" source address="112.112.112.0/24" port protocol="tcp" port="22" accept"
 
#以上是一些实用新版本防火墙笔记，希望对大家有用

分类: Linux, 网络产品, 解决方案标签: Linux, vps12.com

查看网线是否接上及mii-tool使用(转)

2019年3月26日 vps12.com 没有评论

==================================Debian=======================================
1、发行版本
cat /etc/debian_version
5.0.2

2、内核
uname -r
2.6.18-6-amd64

3、机型
dmidecode -s system-product-name
PowerEdge R710

4、安装软件包
apt-get -y install net-tools

5、使用ip命令查看网络接口状态
1)ip a
1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 84:2b:2b:48:ab:12 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 84:2b:2b:48:ab:14 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.35.133/24 brd 192.168.35.255 scope global eth1
4: eth2: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 84:2b:2b:48:ab:16 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: eth3: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 84:2b:2b:48:ab:18 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
查看结果是eth1已经有ip 但eth0还没有ip及网络接口也没有打开

2)参数说明
qdisc pfifo_fast #Priority queueing
qlen #默认接口传输队列的默认长度
mtu #最大传输单元
qdisc noop #表示网络接口还没有up状态
up #设备处于运行状态，能接收和发送数据包
down #设备处于关闭状态，不能接收和发送数据包
qdisc mq #Multiqueue

6、如果没打开eth0网络接口的话使用mii-tool命令后结果是这样的
mii-tool
SIOCGMIIPHY on ‘eth0′ failed: Resource temporarily unavailable
eth1: negotiated 1000baseT-FD flow-control, link ok
SIOCGMIIPHY on ‘eth2′ failed: Resource temporarily unavailable
SIOCGMIIPHY on ‘eth3′ failed: Resource temporarily unavailable

7、使用ifconfig命令打开eth0网络接口
ifconfig eth0 up

8、再次使用mii-tool命令查看网线是否连接，这次看到显示eth0是no link状态判定网线没接上
eth0: no link
eth1: negotiated 1000baseT-FD flow-control, link ok
eth2: no link
eth3: no link

9、找idc工程师让他们接上网线

==================================Centos=======================================
1、发行版本
cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

2、内核
uname -r
2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

3、机型
dmidecode -s system-product-name
PowerEdge R610

4、安装软件包
yum -y install net-tools

5、使用ip命令查看网络接口状态
ip a
1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:22:19:63:97:5e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 111.222.333.444/24 brd 111.222.333.444 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::222:19ff:fe63:975e/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:22:19:63:97:60 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.18.22.190/24 brd 10.18.22.255 scope global eth1
inet6 fe80::222:19ff:fe63:9760/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: eth2: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:22:19:63:97:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 111.222.333.444/25 brd 111.222.333.444 scope global eth2
inet6 fe80::222:19ff:fe63:9762/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: em4: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 00:22:19:63:97:64 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

6、如果没打开em4网络接口的话使用mii-tool命令后结果是这样的
mii-tool em4
SIOCGMIIPHY on ‘em4′ failed: Resource temporarily unavailable

7、使用ifconfig命令打开eth0网络接口
ifconfig em4 up

8、找idc工程师让他们接上网线后查看
mii-tool em4
em4: negotiated 100baseTx-FD flow-control, link ok

参考文章

http://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/Linux_traffic_control.pdf

分类: 解决方案标签: Linux, vps12.com

“流量监管”和”流量整形”的区别

2019年3月13日 vps12.com 没有评论

“流量监管” (Traffic Policing) 就是对流量进行控制，通过监督进入交换机端口的流量速率，对超出部分的流量进行”惩罚” (采用监管方式时是直接丢弃)，使进入端口的流量被限制在一个合理的范围之内。例如可以限制HTTP报文不能占用超过50%的网络带宽，否则QoS流量监管功能可以选择丢弃报文，或重新配置报文的优先级。

“流量整形”为控制最大输出通信速率提供可能，以确保通信符合配置的最大传输速率规定。符合某种配置的通信可能被整形，以使它符合下游设备的通信速率需求，处理任何失配的数据传输速率。流量整形通常使用缓冲区和令牌桶来完成，当报文的发送速率过快时，首先在缓冲区进行缓存，在令牌桶的控制下再均匀地发送这些被缓冲的报文。当下游设备的接口速率小于上游设备的端口速率或发生突发流量时，在下游设备入端口处可能出现流量拥塞的情况。此时用户可以通过在下游设备的出端口配置流量整形将上游不规整的流量进行削峰填谷，输出一条比较平整的流量，从而解决下游设备的拥塞问题。流量整形是一种可应用于接口、子接口或队列的流量控制技术，可以对从接口上经过的所有报文或某类报文进行速率限制

流量整形和流量监管都是作用于网络边缘，对进入设备端口的流量进行的一种处理方式。它们的主要区别在于:流量监管直接丢弃不符合速率要求的报文，丢弃的报文比较多，可能引发重传；而流量整形是将不符合速率要求的报文先行缓存，当令牌桶有足够的令牌时再均匀地向外发送这些被缓存的报文，较少丢弃报文，但引入时延和抖动，需要较多的缓冲资源缓存报文。所以这两种功能的应用领域也不尽相同，流量监管适用于对丢弃率不敏感，而对时延和抖动比较敏感的网络应用，如一些普通的话音和视频通信；流量整形适用于对时延和抖动不敏感的网络应用，如数据传输、 www 访问等。

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